Given the emotional aftershocks associated with the collective experience of historical trauma in Canada's Indigenous population, this course explores how the disruption in parent-child attachment relationships-- associated with the residential school experience, and spanning several generations-- is still a major contributing factor to adverse childhood experiences and the attendant problems Indigenous adults encounter in the areas of memory, self-organizations, the regulation of emotions, and the ability to cope with stress. Humans, fortunately, are gifted with neuroplasticity brains, so this course also introduces students to scientifically validated approaches to promoting healthy brain development, resilience, and secure attachment.